Newer anti-seizure drugs may have fewer side effects

Research supports the use of the anticonvulsants gabapentin (Gralise, Neurontin, Horizant) and pregabalin (Lyrica) to help relieve pain caused by damaged nerves.

Both gabapentin and pregabalin are particularly effective in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy and pain caused by a spinal cord injury. Pregabalin may also be used to treat fibromyalgia.

Because these drugs have few side effects and are usually well tolerated, they are often the first medications to try for neuropathic pain. Most doctors will prescribe gabapentin first; if that doesn't work, they will try pregabalin. You may experience side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, or swelling in the feet and legs. These side effects are limited by starting with a low dose and slowly increasing it.

These medications are removed from the body by the kidneys, so if your kidney function is impaired, the dose may need to be adjusted. Having impaired kidney function also increases your risk of side effects. Lower doses of these medications are safe to use if you have kidney disease.

It's important to note that anti-seizure medications are associated with a slightly increased risk of suicidal thoughts or actions. Talk to a doctor or counselor promptly if you feel depressed or suicidal.

Medications from other drug classes with distinct mechanisms of pain relief (such as antidepressants) may be used in combination with anti-seizure medications if anti-seizure medications alone fail to control your pain.