Tardive dyskinesia

Overview

Tardive dyskinesia is typically caused by long-term use of dopamine-blocking drugs, most commonly antipsychotic (neuroleptic) drugs or an anti-nausea medication called metoclopramide.

Symptoms

Tardive dyskinesia includes a wide range of involuntary movements. Most commonly these movements involve the mouth, tongue and face, but may also affect the trunk or limbs.

Treatments

Stopping the offending antipsychotic or anti-nausea drugs may stop the movements. Medications to relieve the symptoms, botulinum toxin injections or deep brain stimulation may be recommended.