Complications

Some children overcome the physical and psychological effects of child abuse, particularly those with strong social support and resiliency skills who can adapt and cope with bad experiences. For many others, however, child abuse may result in physical, behavioral, emotional or mental health issues — even years later. Below are some examples.

Physical issues

• Premature death
• Physical disabilities
• Learning disabilities
• Substance abuse
• Health problems, such as heart disease, immune disorders, chronic lung disease and cancer

Behavioral issues

• Delinquent or violent behavior
• Abuse of others
• Withdrawal
• Suicide attempts or self-injury
• High-risk sexual behaviors or teen pregnancy
• Problems in school or not finishing high school
• Limited social and relationship skills
• Problems with work or staying employed

Emotional issues

• Low self-esteem
• Difficulty establishing or maintaining relationships
• Challenges with intimacy and trust
• An unhealthy view of parenthood
• Inability to cope with stress and frustrations
• An acceptance that violence is a normal part of relationships

Mental health disorders

• Eating disorders
• Personality disorders
• Behavior disorders
• Depression
• Anxiety disorders
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Sleep disturbances
• Attachment disorders