Prevention

You might not be able to prevent fetal macrosomia, but you can promote a healthy pregnancy. Research shows that exercising during pregnancy and eating a low-glycemic diet can reduce the risk of macrosomia.

For example:

• Schedule a preconception appointment. If you're considering pregnancy, talk with your health care provider. If you're obese, you might also be referred to another health care provider — such as a registered dietitian or an obesity specialist — who can help you reach a healthy weight before pregnancy.
• Monitor your weight. Gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy — often 25 to 35 pounds (about 11 to 16 kilograms) if you have a normal pre-pregnancy weight — supports your baby's growth and development. Women who weigh more when they get pregnant will have lower recommended pregnancy weight gain. Work with your health care provider to determine what's right for you.
• Manage diabetes. If you had diabetes before pregnancy or if you develop gestational diabetes, work with your health care provider to manage the condition. Controlling your blood sugar level is the best way to prevent complications, including fetal macrosomia.
• Be active. Follow your health care provider's recommendations for physical activity.