Symptoms

Moyamoya disease may occur at any age, though symptoms most commonly occur between 5 and 10 years of age in children and between 30 and 50 years of age in adults.

Moyamoya disease causes different symptoms in adults and children. In children, the first symptom is usually a stroke or recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA), especially in children. Adults also may experience these symptoms but also experience bleeding in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke) from abnormal brain vessels. Spotting symptoms early is very important to prevent serious complications such as a stroke.

Accompanying signs and symptoms of moyamoya disease related to reduced blood flow to the brain include:

• Headache
• Seizures
• Weakness, numbness or paralysis in your face, arm or leg, typically on one side of your body
• Visual disturbances
• Difficulties with speaking or understanding others (aphasia)
• Cognitive or developmental delays
• Involuntary movements

These symptoms can be triggered by exercise, crying, coughing, straining or a fever.

When to see a doctor

Seek immediate medical attention if you notice any signs or symptoms of a stroke or TIA, even if they seem to fluctuate or disappear.

Think "FAST" and do the following:

• Face. Ask the person to smile. Does one side of the face droop?
• Arms. Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? Or is one arm unable to rise up?
• Speech. Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase. Is his or her speech slurred or strange?
• Time. If you observe any of these signs, call 911 or emergency medical help immediately.

Call 911 or your local emergency number right away. Don't wait to see if symptoms go away. Every minute counts. The longer a stroke goes untreated, the greater the potential for brain damage and disability.

If you're with someone you suspect is having a stroke, watch the person carefully while waiting for emergency assistance.

See your doctor if you have any of the signs or symptoms of moyamoya disease, as early detection and treatment can help prevent a stroke and serious complications.