Complications

The complications of progressive muscle weakness include:

• Trouble walking. Some people with muscular dystrophy eventually need to use a wheelchair.
• Trouble using arms. Daily activities can become more difficult if the muscles of the arms and shoulders are affected.
• Shortening of muscles or tendons around joints (contractures). Contractures can further limit mobility.
• Breathing problems. Progressive weakness can affect the muscles associated with breathing. People with muscular dystrophy might eventually need to use a breathing assistance device (ventilator), initially at night but possibly also during the day.
• Curved spine (scoliosis). Weakened muscles might be unable to hold the spine straight.
• Heart problems. Muscular dystrophy can reduce the efficiency of the heart muscle.
• Swallowing problems. If the muscles involved with swallowing are affected, nutritional problems and aspiration pneumonia can develop. Feeding tubes might be an option.