Symptoms

Naegleria infection causes a disease called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (muh-ning-go-un-sef-uh-LIE-tis) — also known as PAM. PAM is a brain infection that leads to brain swelling and the destruction of brain tissue.

The symptoms of naegleria infection generally begin within two to 15 days of exposure to the amoeba. Initial signs and symptoms often include:

• Fever
• Sudden, severe headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Nasal congestion or discharge
• Changes in smell or taste

As the disease worsens, signs and symptoms may also include:

• Stiff neck
• Sensitivity to light
• Confusion
• Loss of balance
• Sleepiness
• Seizures
• Hallucinations

The disease can progress rapidly and typically leads to death within about five days of the start of symptoms.

When to see a doctor

Seek immediate medical attention if you develop a sudden onset of fever, headache, stiff neck and vomiting, particularly if you have recently been in warm, fresh water.