When to see a doctor

For most people, night leg cramps are merely an annoyance — something that jerks you awake infrequently. But in some cases, you may need to see a doctor.

Seek immediate medical care if you have

• Severe and persistent cramping
• Night leg cramps after being exposed to a toxin, such as lead

Schedule an office visit if you

• Have trouble functioning during the day because leg cramps interrupt your sleep
• Develop muscle weakness and atrophy with leg cramps

Self-care

Activities that might help prevent night leg cramps include:

• Drinking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration
• Stretching your leg muscles or riding a stationary bicycle for a few minutes before you go to bed
• Untucking the bed covers at the foot of your bed

Activities that might help relieve night leg cramps include:

• Flexing your foot up toward your head
• Massaging the cramped muscle with your hands or with ice
• Walking or jiggling the leg
• Taking a hot shower or warm bath

Although once widely used, the medication quinine is no longer recommended because of risks associated with its use.