Risks

For most people, vagus nerve stimulation is safe. But it does have some risks, both from the surgery to implant the device and from the brain stimulation.

Surgery risks

Surgical complications with implanted vagus nerve stimulation are rare and are similar to the dangers of having other types of surgery. They include:

• Pain where the cut (incision) is made to implant the device
• Infection
• Difficulty swallowing
• Vocal cord paralysis, which is usually temporary, but can be permanent

Side effects after surgery

Some of the side effects and health problems associated with implanted vagus nerve stimulation can include:

• Voice changes
• Hoarseness
• Throat pain
• Cough
• Headaches
• Shortness of breath
• Difficulty swallowing
• Tingling or prickling of the skin
• Insomnia
• Worsening of sleep apnea

For most people, side effects are tolerable. They may lessen over time, but some side effects may remain bothersome for as long as you use implanted vagus nerve stimulation.

Adjusting the electrical impulses can help minimize these effects. If side effects are intolerable, the device can be shut off temporarily or permanently.