Risks

The Whipple procedure is a technically difficult operation, often involving open surgery. It carries risks both during and after surgery. These may include:

• Bleeding at the surgical areas
• Infection of the incision area or inside your abdomen
• Delayed emptying of the stomach, which may make it difficult to eat or to keep food down temporarily
• Leakage from the pancreas or bile duct connection
• Diabetes, temporary or permanent

Extensive research shows that surgeries result in fewer complications when done by highly experienced surgeons at centers that do many of these operations. Don't hesitate to ask about your surgeon's and hospital's experience with Whipple procedures and other pancreatic operations. If you have any doubts, get a second opinion.